The U.S. men’s national team’s World Cup 4–1 loss to Belgium in the Round of 16 reignited criticism of a youth soccer system long defined by pay-to-play costs, uneven access, and early pressure on young players.
Now, the focus is shifting toward what can actually be done about it.
In conversations with Front Office Sports, youth soccer leaders pointed to a series of emerging fixes to the pay-to-play problem.
“Pay to play is a complex issue with no single solution, and it is one that everyone across the game has a role in addressing,” Tom Condone, CEO of U.S. Youth Soccer, told FOS. “Our focus is on creating more accessible, affordable, and meaningful opportunities for players while continuing to strengthen the pathways available to them.”
That work is beginning to take different forms across youth soccer.
In July, U.S. Soccer talked about building a new system that reaches children at earlier ages and closer to home. State and local organizations are experimenting with ways to lower costs, including free programs, new competition, corporate partnerships, and public grants. Groups like the American Youth Soccer Organization (AYSO) are trying out solutions that prioritize participation over selection.
“The biggest difference is what we promise: Everyone plays,” Jenni Luke, national executive director of AYSO, told FOS.
Luke said the traditional club model is not necessarily at odds with AYSO, but offers a more selective experience that “by nature, filters out players.”
“In a traditional pay-to-play system, access to coaching, competition, and exposure is often correlated to a family’s ability to pay,” Luke said. “AYSO begins with a different premise: a child should not have to earn the right to participate.”
AYSO’s foundational program has no tryouts or cuts, and every athlete gets playing time. The organization also offers more competitive programs in select locations.
“Club soccer can provide an excellent experience for many families,” Luke said. “The problem arises when the industry promotes the allure of early specialization and begins treating expensive, year-round travel as the default pathway for every promising 8- or 9-year-old.”
Fixing the Pipeline
The challenge, then, is building a wider entry point without sacrificing high-level coaching. Dan Helfrich, U.S. Soccer’s chief operating officer, said that it starts by reaching children where they already are.
“A new system needs to first of all create more access early,” Helfrich told FOS. “You have to meet those players and their families where they are.”
That means at schools, parks, and recreation departments, he said. Helfrich pointed to U.S. Soccer’s recent effort to bring free soccer to every public school in Atlanta as one example of what could be replicated in other major metropolitan areas.
But access alone does not solve the cost problem.
Helfrich said national and regional events at early ages can create unnecessary travel and lodging expenses. One possible fix, he said, is building more local competition, especially in dense markets where players can still face strong competition without having to travel far from home.
At the state level, Evan Dabby, the executive director of New Jersey Youth Soccer, pointed to “fragmentation” as a major driver of costs.
“The fragmentation and all the different memberships and leagues and competitions, I think, is creating more barriers,” Dabby told FOS. “It’s creating higher costs to play.”
Dabby said New Jersey Youth Soccer tried to address it by creating the New Jersey State Open Cup, a competition designed to bring teams from different leagues into one local event.
“We said throw that out the window,” Dabby said. “Let’s throw out the barriers, let’s throw out all the different registrations, let’s play here and locally.”
New Jersey Youth Soccer has kept registration fees flat for 10 years in part by diversifying revenue, including a roughly 600% increase in partnerships since 2014. Those partnerships include local brands, national sponsors, and, more recently, public funding.
“The more support we get from brands, the more support that we get from the public sector and government, the more that we can do to combat that pay-to-play system,” Dabby said.
At the national level, any broader solution to pay-to-play might require some funding on the professional side.
Helfrich said there is “no table” U.S. Soccer would convene to build a new youth system that would not include MLS, NWSL, and USL.
But Luke said affordability cannot come at the expense of safety or the player experience. Fields, insurance, equipment, training, referees, and professional support all require funding of their own.
“The question is how those costs are shared and how efficiently the system delivers value,” she said.
