Wednesday, October 21, 2026

How A Union Could Have Protected Northwestern Football Players

  • Advocates said employee status, or a formal player’s association, could have prevented the situation at Northwestern.
  • One advocate has filed a charge with the NLRB against the school to restart the employee status process.
Oct 29, 2022; Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Northwestern head coach Pat Fitzgerald and the Wildcats team before the game against the Iowa Hawkeyes at Kinnick Stadium.
Jeffrey Becker-USA TODAY Sports

Want more from Front Office Sports
in your search results?

Add Front Office Sports on Google

In 2014, Northwestern football players tried to unionize. The effort — which coach Pat Fitzgerald himself opposed — ultimately failed.

Now, Fitzgerald has been fired over reports that players perpetuated a toxic hazing culture seemingly without his knowledge, and that multiple players experienced racist abuse. The information came to light through a university investigation and two stories in The Daily Northwestern.

Fitzgerald signed a 10-year, $57 million contract extension with Northwestern in 2021.

Northwestern Fires Football Coach Pat Fitzgerald

Fitzgerald signed a 10-year, $57 million contract extension with Northwestern in 2021.
July 10, 2023

Multiple college athletes rights advocates believe that athlete employee status, or a formal player’s association or union, would have protected Northwestern players.

In the wake of the scandal, former University of Minnesota regent and college athlete advocate Michael Hsu has filed a new complaint with the National Labor Relations Board against Northwestern. His goal: to help athletes gain employment status — partially so they can better protect themselves in the future. 

“This situation is just ripe to be looked at again,” Hsu told Front Office Sports. “We know a lot of [abuse] would have been avoidable. … And frankly, the crazy thing is, it’s the same coach.”

Revisiting An Old Case

Nine years ago, Northwestern players, led by quarterback Kain Colter, attempted to gain federal employee status and start a union through the NLRB. They did so with the help of athlete advocate Ramogi Huma, now the executive director of a group called The National College Players Association.

But university officials fought it at every turn — including Fitzgerald. 

“Understand that by voting to have a union, you would be transferring your trust from those you know — me, your coaches and the administrators here — to what you don’t know — a third party who may or may not have the team’s best interests in mind,” Fitzgerald wrote to the team at the time, according to The New York Times.

The regional office found Northwestern athletes to be employees and allowed them to vote on a union. But the NLRB’s national council ultimately halted the process over a technicality: Since the NLRB only has jurisdiction over the private sector, its ruling would only allow private school football players to unionize. It was concerned about the unequal landscape this could create, and never counted the votes. 

But it did note it could change its mind in the future — something Hsu, who has created his own College Basketball Players Association, is banking on. 

On Tuesday, he filed a new charge against Northwestern that restarts the process for athletes to unionize— and get protection from toxic cultures. CBS Sports first reported news of the charge.

The new complaint is a simple employee “misclassification” charge, stating that Northwestern called players “student-athletes” rather than employees in its recent press releases. It “allows the NLRB a shortcut into [athlete] employee status, because they’ve already done the [2014] investigation at Northwestern,” Hsu said. While the complaint doesn’t directly address the team culture, it could open a door for the protections afforded to employees.

NLRB General Counsel Jennifer Abruzzo has previously stated she believes athletes should become employees. That would give them more tools against abusive cultures like the one detailed at Northwestern.

The NLRB declined to comment on the charge.

David Banks-USA TODAY Sports

Protecting the Players

Northwestern is taking multiple actions to protect players from this sort of abuse in the future, university president Michael Schill said in a statement. The school has banned an off-campus training camp where hazing allegedly took place, and will designate a non-football employee to oversee the locker room culture.

But the institution itself clearly can’t protect its own athletes. (The NCAA won’t do it, either: Huma noted that the NCAA “does not enforce any rules to address serious injury, sexual abuse, or even death.”)

Hsu said that employee status alone would likely have forced Northwestern, as the athletes’ employer, to be more diligent in policing its culture and environment in the first place. For example, Northwestern, which does have an anti-hazing policy, could be more serious about its anti-abuse training modules. Athletes would also have access to labor law enforcement mechanisms, like the NLRB, which could investigate employee abuse.

If athletes gain employment status, they could create a formal union that would protect themselves. Coaches could be protected from hazing-related repercussions as well, given that the union would be responsible for adjudication, a USA Today opinion piece pointed out.

But advocates agree that a union — or even an informal player’s association — could prevent future abuses.

“The goal of establishing health and safety was a key reason for Northwestern football players’ 2014 unionization effort,” Huma said in a statement on Monday, as he called for a more thorough investigation of current abuses. His organization has preached better health and safety standards for college athletes on multiple occasions.

The NCPA is working on another unionization effort through an NLRB case involving USC, the Pac-12, and the NCAA. The NLRB will hold hearings in early November.

Ultimately, though, third-party enforcement is key, according to College Football Players Association executive director Jason Stahl.

“You have a lot of rhetoric about, ‘The team is a family, and your coach is your dad,’” Stahl told FOS. “That to me is the big umbrella problem. You need to move to something that looks more like a workplace. And you can put structures in place to make that happen.” 

Over the past two years, Stahl has been building an organization that he hopes will become an association for FBS football players, as well as a formal union for Power 5 football players. The CFBPA’s first two priorities already include enforced health and safety standards.

The CFBPA could send a paid representative to oversee the culture of college football teams — and report on any potential abuses, Stahl explained. Since that representative would be an employee of the CFBPA, rather than the school, they wouldn’t be incentivized to sugarcoat or hide nefarious activity within a locker room.

Hsu, who assisted Stahl with the CFBPA’s launch, agreed. “If the unionization would have happened [in 2014], clearly you wouldn’t have had issues,” he said. “The NFLPA isn’t going to allow any of this stuff to happen in the NFL. 

“So if the NFLPA or some group similar to the NFLPA — or even a Jason Stahl Association — if they have people who are on the ground and talking to players and making sure that this activity doesn’t exist, then I think there’s a pretty good chance that it’s not going to exist.”

Download the FOS App

The business of sports, in your pocket.

QR code to download the app

Scan the QR code to get the app now.

Linkedin
Whatsapp
Copy Link
Link Copied
Link Copied

What to Read

Oct 11, 2025; College Park, Maryland, USA; Maryland Terrapins head coach Mike Locksley walks the sidelines during the first half against the Nebraska Cornhuskers at SECU Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Tommy Gilligan-Imagn Images

Maryland Breaks Ice With $10M Mike Locksley Firing

$4.9 million is due to Locksley within 60 days.

LSU Won’t Roster Ex-NBA Player As SEC Legal Battle Continues

Louisiana AG Liz Murrill called again for the SEC’s lawsuit to be dismissed.
Exclusive

Emails Reveal Powerful Network Behind Protect College Sports Act

New records shed light on how the PCSA passed the Senate.
Football - NFL - Houston Texans v Jacksonville Jaguars - Wembley Stadium, London, Britain - October 18, 2026 The necklace of a Jacksonville Jaguars fan outside the stadium before the match

Die-Hard Sports Fandom Has Reached the Afterlife

Will fans pay $6,000 to memorialize their team loyalty?
podcast thumbnail mobile
Front Office Sports Today

10/21/26 – T-Mac Backs Clippers Penalty, 80-to-1 Rays Haunt Sportsbooks, Jay-Z Picks Jay-Z

0:00

Featured Today

Why Europe Is Pumping Out NBA Superstars

The NBA and NCAA have an increasingly European flavor.
October 15, 2026

College Flag Football Is Outgrowing Its DIY Era

Women have been building the college game themselves at the club level.
Oct 5, 2026; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Pittsburgh Penguins general manager Kyle Dubas arrives at the arena before the Penguins host the Winnipeg Jets at PPG Paints Arena
October 12, 2026

NHL’s New Wave of GMs Is Built Different

“I am in the prediction business,” Devils GM Sunny Mehta tells FOS.
Action Images/Peter Cziborra
October 9, 2026

Is Leicester City’s $264 Million Price Tag Too Rich for Hungry Investors?

After falling from grace, how much is a former top club worth?
Oct 3, 2026; Starkville, Mississippi, USA; Alabama Crimson Tide head coach Kalen DeBoer waits to run onto the field prior to the game against the Mississippi State Bulldogs at Davis Wade Stadium at Scott Field. Mandatory Credit: Petre Thomas-Imagn Images
October 7, 2026

Who Is Alabama Football in Year 3 Under Kalen DeBoer?

The No. 6 Crimson Tide host No. 2 Georgia on Saturday.

Army-Navy Could Shift Dates to Accommodate 24-Team CFP

The game could take place the Saturday left open without conference championships.
October 17, 2026

Michigan Benches Its Multimillion-Dollar Quarterback

Underwood’s benching comes after two first-half interceptions.
October 18, 2026

Big-Money Upsets Shake Up College Football

Half of the AP Poll top 10 lost in a single day.
Sponsored

Blake Griffin’s Plan for Media Domination

The former NBA star is building a second act across media & entertainment.
October 17, 2026

CFP Expansion Could Raise Stakes for Coaches, Buyout Costs

Nick Saban warns more playoff spots could mean more firings.
Ohio Gov. Mike DeWine delivers a statement condemning the death penalty during a news conference at his office in Columbus on June 16, 2026.
October 16, 2026

NCAA Sues Ohio Governor Over Fifth-Year Eligibility Order

Ohio Gov. Mike DeWine signed the executive order Tuesday.
Oct 9, 2026; Provo, Utah, USA; BYU Cougars head coach Kalani Sitake walks off the field after a win over the Iowa State Cyclones at LaVell Edwards Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Aaron Baker-Imagn Images
October 15, 2026

BYU Outperforming Its Budget As Notre Dame Showdown Arrives

Cougars coach Kalani Sitake has openly pushed for more resources.
Head Coach Curt Cignetti heads in during The Walk before the Indiana versus North Texas football game at Memorial Stadium on Saturday, Sept. 5, 2026. Brian and Amy were the hosts, middle two in frame.
October 15, 2026

Indiana’s Title Windfall Meets Its Biggest Home Game in History

A new jersey patch extends Indiana’s run of sponsorship deals.